Lesson Seven Already Perfect
課文第1~2段p.143 |
1. verb tenses 動詞時態 |
【說明】動詞時態表
現 在 式 | 過 去 式 | 未 來 式 | |
簡 單 式 | V/V-es | V-ed | will + V |
進 行 式 | am/are/is + V-ing | was/were + V-ing | will + be + V-ing |
完 成 式 | have/has + p.p. | had + p.p. | will +have + p.p. |
完成進行式 | have/has + been + V-ing | had + been + V-ing | will + have + been + V-ing |
【範例】The café in Paris has always been a place for seeing and being seen.（97指科）
巴黎的咖啡館永遠都是一個觀賞別人和被別人觀賞的地方。
The movie will have started by the time we get there.
等我們到了那裡，電影早就開始演了。
When Ella finally arrived, we had been waiting for over an hour.
當艾拉終於到的時候，我們已經等了超過一個多鐘頭了。
【Your Turn】
( B ) 1. Peter ________ on a budget of NT$100 per day. He cannot afford any recreational activities（娛樂活動）.（96學測）
(A) had now lived (B) is now living
(C) will now live (D) has now been living
( D ) 2. I never knew that old Mr. Rossi ________ a teacher.
(A) was been (B) to be (C) been (D) had been
( A ) 3. Julia ________ on the phone while her roommates were having dinner.
(A) was talking (B) talked (C) has been talked (D) is talking
2. to some degree 在某種程度上；有點；多少 |
【說明】= to a (certain) degree
= to an/some/a certain extent
【範例】Some people believe that blood type can affect personality to some degree .
有些人相信，血型在某種程度上可以影響個性。
【Your Turn】
1. 每個人或多或少都會緊張，但有些人就是可以克服它。
Everyone feels nervous to some/a (d) degree , but some people are able to overcome it.
2. 感冒是沒有藥可以醫治的，只能治療症狀到某種程度而已。
There is no medical cure for a cold; you can only treat the symptoms to a
certain degree/extent .
3. 就某種程度而言，氣候變化隨時都在發生。
Climate change is always happening to some degree/extent .
課文第6段 p.144 |
3. sb. + be convinced that + S + V 相信……；被說服…… |
【說明】本句型由下列句型演變而來：
… + convince + sb. + that + S + V
【範例】I am not convinced that Sally is mature enough to start dating.
我不相信莎莉夠成熟到可以開始約會。
Rick’s parents convinced him that going to college was the best option for him.
瑞克的父母說服他，說上大學對他是最好的選擇。
【Your Turn】
( D ) 1. For many years, I ________ my suffering was due to my size（身材）.（94學測）
(A) convinced to (B) convinced that
(C) was convinced of (D) was convinced that
( C ) 2. The results of the experiment convinced the researchers ________ their theory was right.
(A) these (B) of (C) that (D) to
( C ) 3. The police ________ that they had caught the right person, but they were mistaken.
(A) convinced (B) are convincing (C) were convinced (D) were convincing
觸類旁通 sb. be convinced 後面除了加that子句以外，還可以加名詞或動詞。 【說明】sb. be convinced of N 相信某事物 sb. be convinced to V 被說服做某事 【範例】Barry says he is convinced of the existence of ghosts. 巴瑞說他相信鬼魂的存在。 Unless the boss can be convinced to change her mind, we’ll have to work tomorrow. 除非可以說服老闆改變心意，否則我們明天就得來上班。 【Your Turn】 ( A ) 4. Most scientists accept the theory, but a few are not yet convinced ________ it. (A) of (B) to (C) in (D) on ( C ) 5. Do you think she will convince her parents ________ her go out dancing? (A) of let (B) will let (C) to let (D) letting |
課文第7~8段 p.145 |
4. cut back on 削減；減少 |
【說明】cut back on也可指縮減食物或東西的量。
【範例】You’d better cut back on the money you spend on clothes, or you’ll soon be in debt.
你最好少花點錢在衣服上，否則你很快就會負債。
Try to cut back on fatty foods and get more exercise.
試著少吃油膩的食物，多做運動。
【Your Turn】
( B ) 1. The government plans to cut back ________ funding for higher education.
(A) with (B) on (C) off (D) for
( A ) 2. The company is ________ staff because it is losing money.
(A) cutting back on (B) cutting through
(C) cut back on (D) cut through
( D ) 3. A lot of families are ________ on leisure（休閒活動） during this economic recession（經濟蕭條）.
(A) putting off (B) putting back (C) cutting off (D) cutting back
5. in turn 輪流；依次 |
【說明】= by turns
【補充】in turn也有「轉而」的意思。
【範例】In this game, one person thinks of an object, and the others ask questions in turn to find out what it is.
在這個遊戲中，由一個人想好一樣物品，然後其他人輪流問問題，找出那個東西是什麼。
When he got old, Mr. Lee passed his business on to his son, who in turn gave it to his own son many years later.
李先生老了就把事業傳給兒子，他兒子在多年後又把事業傳給自己的兒子。
【Your Turn】
1. 在數學課中，學生們依次回答老師的問題。
In the math class, the students answered the teacher’s questions in/by turn/turns .
2. 如果麗莎願意反過來幫他一個忙，席德就會對她伸出援手。
Sid offered to help Lisa if she, in turn , would do a favor for him.
3. 我們家裡是每個人輪流把垃圾拿出去倒。
Each member of my family takes out the garbage in/by turn/turns .
6. When + V-ing/p.p. …, S + V …. 保留連接詞的分詞構句 |
【說明】分詞構句為了讓語意更加清楚，有時會將連接詞保留，常被保留的連接詞除了when以外，還有after、before、once等。
【範例】When opened, the can gave off a terrible smell.
當這瓶罐頭打開時，發出一股可怕的味道。
After spending much time carefully studying the patient’s symptoms, the doctor finally made his diagnosis.（97指科）
醫生在花了很多時間仔細研究病人的症狀後，終於做出了診斷。
【Your Turn】
( C ) 1. ________ a game, athletes are required to understand the strategies of their game and obey the rules and regulations of the sport.（97指科）
(A) When to play (B) When played (C) When playing (D) Being played
( D ) 2. Once ________, the seat belt will protect you in an accident.
(A) fastening correct (B) fastened correct
(C) fastening correctly (D) fastened correctly
( B ) 3. ________ the lecture, she began with an anecdote about the poet.
(A) Once delivered (B) Before delivering
(C) When to deliver (D) After being delivered
7. deprive … of … 奪去；剝奪；失去 |
【說明】be deprived of + sth. 為被動的用法，也很常見。
【範例】The noise from next door’s apartment deprived me of a good night’s sleep.
隔壁公寓的噪音害我一整夜都睡不好。
Deprived of their mother’s care, the baby birds could not survive.
失去了母鳥的照顧，這些雛鳥沒辦法活下去。
【Your Turn】
( C ) 1. A terrible accident ________ his sight.
(A) is deprived him of (B) is deprived of him
(C) deprived him of (D) of him is deprived
( A ) 2. When the park closed, the local children were ________ a place to play.
(A) deprived of (B) depriving of (C) to deprive (D) deprived
( C ) 3. The fire in the store deprived the old man ________ his livelihood.
(A) to (B) in (C) of (D) at
課文第11段 p.147 |
8. hang out 無所事事地度日子 |
【說明】(1) hang out/around with sb. 和某人一起消磨時間
(2) 若此兩個片語後面要加地點，則hang out後要加at/in + 地點；hang around則直接加地點。
【範例】Jennifer’s parents don’t like the friends she hangs out with on weekends.
珍妮佛的父母不喜歡週末跟她混在一起的那些朋友。
She spends all her free time hanging out in Internet chat rooms.
= She spends all her free time hanging around Internet chat rooms.
她所有閒暇時間都泡在網路聊天室裡。
【Your Turn】
( D ) 1. I spent the whole of Sunday afternoon hanging out ________ Burger King with my friends.
(A) with (B) for (C) X (D) in
( D ) 2. Having nothing else to do, many teenagers just ________ the shopping mall.
(A) hang on (B) hang up (C) hang out (D) hang around
( C ) 3. I’m not doing anything later, so why don’t you come over and hang ________ me.
(A) around to (B) around at (C) out with (D) out to
9. what if 如果……怎麼辦？ |
【說明】(1) 用於問他人如果某事發生的話（通常都是指不愉快的事情），該怎麼辦或是會有怎樣的結果。
(2) 用於提供建議。
【範例】I’m not sure if I can trust Jason. What if he turns out to be the villain behind all this?
我不確定能不能相信傑森。萬一他就是這一切事情的幕後主使怎麼辦？
A: What am I supposed to do with this ticket if you are not going with me?
B: What if you ask Pamela if she is interested in that show?
A：如果你不跟我去的話，那我該怎麼處理這張票？
B：你要不要問問潘蜜拉對那場表演有沒有興趣？
【Your Turn】
( A ) 1. ________ we go along Grant Street? There might be less traffic.
(A) What if (B) What is (C) Let’s (D) Should be
( D ) 2. He sounded confident about the departure time, but ________ if he’s wrong?
(A) where (B) when (C) how (D) what
( C ) 3. You don’t want to walk through the forest! What ________ you get bitten by a snake?
(A) are (B) as (C) if (D) then
課文第14~15段 p.148 |
10. get rid of 丟掉；擺脫；消除 |
【補充】get rid of sb. 打發某人
【範例】With the help of an engineer from the IT department, I got rid of the virus in my computer.
在一位資訊部工程師的協助之下，我把我電腦裡的病毒給清除掉了。
Tracy wanted to get rid of her little brother so that she could be alone with her boyfriend.
崔西很想把她的小弟給打發走，這樣她才可以跟男友單獨相處。
【Your Turn】
1. 我們把那台舊冰箱丟掉，買一台新的吧。
Let’s get rid of that old refrigerator and buy a new one.
2. 我們藉口要出門，把那個挨家挨戶拜訪的推銷員給打發走。
We got rid of the door-to-door salesman by saying that we had to go out.
3. 我希望這種噴劑可以除去我家公寓裡面的螞蟻。
I hope this spray will get rid of the ants in my apartment.
11. by no means 絕不；絕非 |
【補充】by all means 必定；當然可以
【範例】The restaurant is good, but it’s by no means cheap.
這家餐廳很棒，不過絕對不便宜就是了。
We’re going for a walk. By all means come along, if you like.
我們要去散個步，當然如果你喜歡的話可以一起來。
【Your Turn】
1. 法蘭克絕對不像你想的那麼笨。
Frank is by no means as stupid as you think he is.
2. 這絕對不是你的女兒第一次在學校闖禍。
This is by no means the first time that your daughter has caused trouble at school.
3. 你一定要帶他來這裡。
You must bring him here by all means .
課文第18段 p.149 |
12. have nothing to do with 和……無關 |
【說明】have little to do with 跟……沒什麼關係
have something to do with 跟……有點關係
have much/a lot to do with 跟……大有關係
【範例】Stop asking me about it; you know it has nothing to do with me!
不要再問我那件事，你知道那跟我無關！
The rapid growth of e-commerce has a lot to do with the widespread availability of the Internet.
電子商務的快速成長跟網路的普及有很大的關係。
【Your Turn】
1. 吳醫生告訴祖父他的胸口痛跟心臟病沒有關係。
Dr. Wu told Grandpa his chest pains had nothing to do with
heart disease.
2. 我父親說經濟問題跟逐漸上升的犯罪率有很大的關係。
My father says that economic problems have a lot to do with the increasing crime rate.
3. 你覺得那個奇怪的聲音是否跟飛機引擎有關係？
Do you think that strange noise had something to do with the airplane’s engines?
關 鍵 測 驗
I. 選擇題：
( A ) 1. ________, the failure of Jack’s first business led to his success with the second one.
(A) To some degree (B) What if (C) By no means (D) In turn
( D ) 2. By the time we reach Brazil, we’ll ________ traveling for three weeks.
(A) would have (B) were (C) be (D) have been
( B ) 3. I’m a bit tired. ________ we stop for a rest and a drink?
(A) What is (B) What if (C) Why not (D) Why do
( B ) 4. Though Dad tried to change her mind, Mom was convinced ________ swimming in the sea was dangerous.
(A) for (B) that (C) of (D) to
( C ) 5. ________ a dinner party, some large restaurants or hotels will use an ice sculpture to decorate the table.（97學測）
(A) After holding (B) After held (C) When holding (D) When held
( B ) 6. It took me a month to ________ my cough.
(A) have something to do with (B) get rid of
(C) hang out with (D) cut back on
( A ) 7. It was a relief to find my wallet. I thought I ________ it.
(A) had lost (B) have lost (C) was lost (D) will lose
( C ) 8. The boy was raised in a poor home and was ________ a proper education.
(A) depriving of (B) to be deprived (C) deprived of (D) depriving
( D ) 9. I used to hang out ________ James all the time, but after he got married, we saw each other less.
(1) at (B) for (C) in (D) with
( D ) 10. Each child played with the puppy ________.
(A) for once (B) in case (C) on time (D) in turn
II. 填充題：
1. 這部電影不錯，但絕對不是我所看過最棒的科幻片。
It’s a good film, but it’s by no means the best science fiction movie I’ve seen.
2. 研究顯示孩童的健康跟在學校的成就是有所關連的。
Research suggests that children’s health has something to do with
their success at school.
3. 如果你不易入睡，或許應該少喝咖啡。
If you’re having trouble sleeping, maybe you should cut back on coffee.
4. 當他的大腦缺（deprive）氧了好幾分鐘後，腦部便受到了損害。
He suffered brain damage when his brain was deprived of oxygen for several minutes.
5. 特洛伊自從把車子脫手，開始到哪兒都騎腳踏車後，就變得健康多了。
Troy is much healthier since he got rid of his car and started riding a bicycle everywhere.
6. 你說救難人員很快就會到，但萬一他們找不到我們怎麼辦？
You say the rescue workers will be here soon, but what if they can’t find us?
7. 今天我可能大半時間都會待在圖書館裡讀書。
I’ll probably be studying in the library for most of the day.
8. 許多人在看到那則電視廣告後，都被說服去購買那項產品。
Many people were convinced to buy the product after they saw the TV ad.
9. 喝了（have）點茶以後，我們就出去再買一些東西。
After having some tea, we went out to do more shopping.
10. 那位明星的名譽多少因為該醜聞事件而受損。
The star’s reputation has been damaged to some/a (d) degree by the scandal.
III. 翻譯、句子合併與改寫
1. 要滿足每個人的需求絕對不容易。（It is ….）
It is by no means easy to satisfy everyone’s needs.
2. 我們輪流被叫去（sent to）見校長。
We were sent in turn to see the principal.
3. 這些不幸的事（misfortunes）幾乎剝奪了他的理智（reason）。
These misfortunes almost deprived him of his reason.
4. 我們正試著削減我們花在旅遊上的金額（amount）。
We’re trying to cut back on the amount we spend on travel.
5. 就某些程度而言，他蠻難相處的（get along with）。
He is to some degree difficult/hard to get along with.
6. His father taught him how to save money.
He taught his own children how to save money, too.
（用in turn合併）
His father taught him how to save money, and in turn he taught his own children.
7. Anita got married and quit her job with the firm in 2000.
Anita had worked for the firm for five years (from 1995 to 2000).
（用過去完成進行式合併 … before she got married ….）
Anita had been working for the firm for five years before she got married and quit her job in 2000.
8. The magic mirror convinced the queen that she was the most beautiful woman in the world.
（用被動語態改寫）
The queen was convinced by the magic mirror that she was the most beautiful woman in the world.
9. Lots of high school students hang around the mall after school.
（用hang out改寫）
Lots of high school students hang out at the mall after school.
10. Once the button is pressed, it will trigger the bomb.
（用保留連接詞的分詞構句改寫）
Once pressed, the button will trigger the bomb.
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