Lesson Ten Nanotechnology: The World of Very Small Things
課文第2段 p.208~209 |
1. contribute to 促成；導致 |
【補充】contribute … to(wards) + N 捐贈……給……
contribute … to(wards) + V-ing 付出……做……
【範例】This well-written article contributed to my understanding of the economy.
這篇文章寫得很好，讓我對經濟有更深的瞭解。
Our company contributed some equipment to the event.
我們公司捐贈了一些器材給那項活動。
Would you like to contribute some of your time to helping young orphans?
你願意付出一些時間幫助年幼的孤兒嗎？
【Your Turn】
( B ) 1. Its lack of allies contributed ________ the country’s defeat in the war.
(A) from (B) to (C) X (D) at
( D ) 2. The structural weakness of the building ________.
(A) contributed it to disaster (B) disaster to contribution
(C) to contribute towards disasters (D) contributed to the disaster
( D ) 3. Diane’s popularity contributed greatly ________ her elected class leader.
(A) got (B) to have gotten (C) getting (D) to getting
2. dozens of 許多 |
【說明】= lots of/a lot of
【補充】數詞 + dozen（單數）+ N（複數） 數打的……
如：two dozen apples 兩打蘋果
【範例】Marie is an outgoing girl and has dozens of friends.
瑪麗是個外向的女孩，擁有許多朋友。
This box can contain up to three dozen eggs.
這個箱子最多可以裝入三打雞蛋。
【Your Turn】
( B ) 1. I have told her ________ times not to leave the door open, but she still forgets.
(A) dozen of (B) dozens of (C) a dozen of (D) dozens
( B ) 2. On Valentine’s Day he sent his girlfriend ________ red roses.
(A) dozen (B) a dozen (C) dozens (D) a dozen of
( C ) 3. Debbie only invited a few friends to her party, but ________ other people showed up as well.
(A) dozen (B) dozens (C) dozens of (D) a dozen of
3. from A to B 從……到…… |
【說明】from A to B 可用來表示從A到B之間的範圍、差距、幅度、類別……等，A和B皆必須為名詞。
【範例】It’s a long trip, so she’s packing everything from clothes to cosmetics.
這是一場長途旅行，所以她打包的東西從衣服到化妝品都有。
【Your Turn】
1. 在這家自助餐廳可以吃到各種餐點，從麵到冰淇淋都有。
In this buffet restaurant you can try everything from noodles to ice cream.
2. 伍茲太太的花園裡有各種五彩繽紛的花卉，從玫瑰花到菊花都有。
Mrs. Wood’s garden has all kinds of colorful flowers, from roses to
chrysanthemums.
3. 奧黛莉有六個兄弟，從老大艾力克斯算起到老么雷斯特。
Audrey has six brothers, from Alex the eldest to Lester the youngest.
課文第4段 p.210 |
4. make (…) progress 有……進展；前進 |
【說明】可在progress前加上合適的形容詞，例如：little、poor、slow、steady、good、significant、substantial、rapid、huge等。
【範例】The young man was a good soldier and made rapid progress through the ranks.
這名年輕人是個優秀的軍人，所以他的軍階晉升得很快。
There was little traffic on the highway, so we made good progress.
公路上的車流量很少，所以我們的車行進得很快。
【Your Turn】
( A ) 1. Sarah is working hard and ________ good progress in her English class.
(A) making (B) makes (C) make (D) made
( B ) 2. I thought Japanese would be easy for me to learn, but I have ________ poor progress with it.
(A) done (B) made (C) placed (D) put
( D ) 3. Lucy loves learning the flute and has made ________ in her lessons.
(A) big promise (B) real pleasure (C) good prospects (D) huge progress
觸類旁通 in progress 進行中 【說明】表某事正在進行且仍未停止，為正式用法。 【範例】There is an English exam in progress in the next room, so keep the noise down. 隔壁教室正在進行英文考試，所以要保持安靜。 【Your Turn】 4. 這名作家正著手進行最新的小說。她預計九月之前完成。 The author’s latest novel is in progress . She expects to finish it by September. 5. 請勿進入─清潔中。 Do Not Enter—Cleaning in progress |
5. when + p.p. 當……被……的時候 |
【說明】when引導的副詞子句主詞若與主要子句主詞相同時，可將副詞子句的主詞省略，動詞改為分詞，現在分詞表主動，過去分詞表被動。
【補充】與when同樣用法的連接詞有after、before、while等等。
【範例】When switched on, the machine emits a loud humming noise.
當這部機器打開的時候，會發出很大的嗡嗡聲。
I always feel more relaxed when listening to music.
當我在聽音樂的時候，總是會覺得比較放鬆。
【Your Turn】
( D ) 1. Derek drove the car over his mother’s flowers when ________ into the drive（車道）.
(A) to turn (B) was turning (C) turned (D) turning
( A ) 2. He is always very grumpy（脾氣暴躁的）________ woken first thing in the morning.
(A) when (B) by (C) from (D) because
( D ) 3. She only goes on dates when ______ permission by her parents.
(A) to give (B) gave (C) giving (D) given
課文第7段 p.211 |
6. a study/studies show research + indicate + that-clause 研究／統計顯示 statistics suggest |
【說明】除了study、research、statistics之外，paper、analysis、report、finding也有類似用法。後面可以加的動詞還有：demonstrate、reveal、conclude、say、prove、warn等。
【範例】Studies have revealed how some birds can find their way over great distances.
已經有研究揭露出有些鳥類如何能夠找到正確的方向展開長途飛行。
Research shows that Vitamin D can help prevent lung cancer.
研究顯示，維生素D有助於預防肺癌。
Statistics suggest that fewer people are spending money on health club memberships than before.
統計指出，花錢加入健身房會員的人數比以前少了。
【Your Turn】
( B ) 1. ________ that the drug may slow down memory loss in some patients.
(A) Study indicates (B) Studies indicate
(C) Studying indicates (D) The studying indicates
( A ) 2. Research ________ that modern humans spread to southern Asia from Africa and then to the rest of the world.
(A) suggests (B) applies (C) regards (D) involves
( D ) 3. Statistics ________ that sleepwalking（夢遊）is common among young children.
(A) reveals (B) to reveal (C) revealing (D) reveal
課文第8~9段 p.212 |
7. It will be … before …. 在……之前將需……時間 It won’t be long before …. 不久 |
【說明】It引介表示時間的子句；before為連接詞，指「在……之前」。before後面所接的子句通常用現在簡單式代替未來。
【範例】It will be at least three days before the car is fully repaired.
在車子完全修好之前，至少需要三天的時間。
The batteries in this flashlight are old, and it won’t be long before they run out.
這支手電筒的電池已經舊了，不久就會沒電了。
【Your Turn】
( C ) 1. It will be at least three weeks ________ the new house is ready for us to move in.
(A) which (B) unless (C) before (D) about
( A ) 2. It won’t be long before Mom ________ out about the broken window.
(A) finds (B) to find (C) found (D) finding
( D ) 3. Don’t go too far away because ________ long before lunch is ready.
(A) it is (B) there is (C) it will be (D) it won’t be
8. far from 絕非……；別說……（甚至連……） |
【說明】= not … at all 一點也不
可與形容詞語或動名詞連用。
【範例】The exam was far from easy, but I was prepared and I think I did well.
那次考試一點也不簡單，但是我準備充分，我認為我考得很好。
Far from worrying about his exam results, he doesn’t seem to care about them.
別說擔心考試的結果了，他甚至好像根本就不在乎似的。
【Your Turn】
( C ) 1. The teacher is far from ________ with most of the assignments Rob has done.
(A) happier (B) happiness (C) happy (D) happily
( A ) 2. ________ ashamed at his treatment of Alice, he actually boasted about it.
(A) Far from (B) From being (C) Back from (D) From
( D ) 3. Far from ________ scary as Joe had said, the movie was pretty dull.
(A) been (B) be (C) to be (D) being
觸類旁通 far from it 絕非如此；不但不是如此 【說明】口語用法，多半跟在否定句之後，表示與前述情況相反的才是事實。 【範例】I’m not angry with you; far from it, I’m just happy you’re unhurt. 我沒有生你的氣，絕對沒有，我只是很高興你毫髮無傷。 【Your Turn】 4. 我不認為他偷懶。不但沒那回事，事實上，他工作還很勤奮。 I wouldn’t call him lazy. Far from it, in fact. He’s a hard worker. 5. 那家餐館一點也不貴。完不但不貴，而且在那裡吃飯花不到兩百元。 The restaurant isn’t expensive at all. _Far from it , you can eat there for under two hundred dollars. |
9. whatever + S (+ be) 無論…… |
【說明】在以whatever引導的子句當中，若whatever是主詞補語，則主詞後面的Be動詞可以省略。however + adj. 也是同樣的用法。
【範例】Whatever the consequences of my action, I will face them myself.
無論我的行為會有什麼結果，我都會自己去面對。
However hard the questions, just try your best to answer them.
無論題目有多難，只要盡力作答就可以了。
【Your Turn】
( D ) 1. ________ the result of this game, the coach is going to quit.
(A) Wherever (B) Whenever (C) However (D) Whatever
( B ) 2. ________ your opinion, I am anxious to hear your response to my proposal.
(A) However (B) Whatever (C) Whichever (D) Whoever
( C ) 3. I’ll pick you up at the airport ________ your arrival time.
(A) however (B) wherever (C) whatever (D) whoever
10. sth. is here to stay 司空見慣的；習以為常的 |
【說明】說明一件在以前的某個時間可能是很特別的事情，但現在已普遍為人所接受。
【範例】When the first car appeared, nobody believed it was here to stay.
當第一輛車子問世時，沒有人相信它會成為生活中的一部分。
Higher food prices are here to stay, I’m afraid.
食物價格上漲了，我怕會成為常態。
【Your Turn】
1. 蘋果電腦總裁史蒂夫‧賈伯斯非常有信心iPhone會成為生活中的一部分。
Apple CEO Steve Jobs is confident that the iPhone is here to stay .
2. 轉角的那間咖啡廳生意很好，我想它被大家接受了。
That new coffee shop on the corner is doing well; I think it is here to stay .
3. 許多人不相信生物科技，但它絕對是未來的趨勢。
Many people don’t trust biotechnology, but it is definitely here to stay .
關 鍵 測 驗
I. 選擇題
( A ) 1. Research ________ that people in Taiwan are marrying much later than before.
(A) indicates (B) objects (C) explodes (D) inspects
( A ) 2. It was his greed, not bad luck, that ________ his bankruptcy.
(A) contributed to (B) made progress (C) far from (D) led off
( C ) 3. Doctors are saying that the new disease is ________, so we must live with it.
(A) here staying (B) stayed here (C) here to stay (D) here staying
( D ) 4. _____ a letter to a friend, try to use a less formal style.
(A) When to write (B) When written
(C) When you wrote (D) When writing
( C ) 5. Though the old man is very rich, he is ________ happy.
(A) longer than (B) close to (C) far from (D) far enough
( B ) 6. The baker made a huge cake for the banquet, using at least two ________ eggs.
(A) dozen of (B) dozen (C) dozens (D) lots of
( D ) 7. Sheila is good at every subject, ________ English to math.
(A) with (B) in (C) between (D) from
( B ) 8. Her parents have promised to support her ________ her decision.
(A) whenever (B) whatever (C) however (D) whoever
( A ) 9. Adam found he was ________ little ________ in his effort to learn Japanese.
(A) making … progress (B) resulting … in
(C) leading … to (D) from …to
( B )10. It will be many years ________ these experiments lead to an effective treatment for the disease.
(A) about (B) before (C) while (D) if
II. 填充題
1. 以前數學讓我很頭痛，但是現在我一直在進步。
I used to struggle with math, but now I am making progress .
2. 無論距離多遠，如果你需要我，我永遠都會過來幫你。
_Whatever the distance, I will always come to help you if you need me.
3. 市長的努力是促成這家慈善機構得以成立的主因。
The mayor’s efforts contributed greatly to the establishment of the charity.
4. 再過不久他就能完成這本偵探小說。
It won’t be long before he finishes the detective novel.
5. 很多人以為部落格只會是一時的網路風潮，但看來像是都不會退流行了。
A lot of people thought blogging would just be an Internet fad, but it looks like it’s
here to stay .
6. 研究顯示，許多人對自己的長相並不滿意。
Research (s) shows that many people are not happy with the way they look.
7. 我們最好快一點。在客人來之前，我們有許多事情要做。
We’d better hurry. We have dozens of things to do before the guests come.
8. 就算是滿意（please）的時候，他表露出的情緒也只有淺淺的一笑。
Even when pleased , the only emotion he shows is a thin smile.
9. 和愛斯基摩人的小屋不同，印地安人的帳棚一點也不是密閉式的；風從帳棚口周圍及毛皮的隙縫間灌進來。
In contrast to the Eskimo shelter, the tepee was far from airtight; drafts came in around the door and through gaps between the skins.（91指科）
10. 我喜歡各種類型的音樂，從古典樂到搖滾樂我都喜歡。
I like all kinds of music, from classical to rock and roll.
I. 翻譯、句子合併與改寫
1. 均衡的（well-balanced）飲食能促進心理（mental）和生理（physical）健康。
A well-balanced diet can contribute to both mental and physical health.
2. 請買兩瓶牛奶、一條麵包，還有一打雞蛋。
Please buy two bottles of milk, a loaf of bread, and a dozen eggs.
3. 梅西（Maisie）說這個運動只是一個風潮（fad），但我認為它會蔚為流行。
Maisie says this sport is just a fad, but I think it’s here to stay.
4. 他們在大雪中緩緩前進。
They made slow progress in the heavy snow.
5. 無論結果如何，把面試看做（look upon）是一次有用的經驗吧。
Whatever the outcome, look upon the interview as a useful experience.
6. The animal might be surprised.
It will give off a terrible smell.
（用When + 分詞合併）
When surprised, the animal will give off a terrible smell.
7. Linda was not disappointed when Clive cancelled their date. In fact, she felt quite relieved.
（用提示字合併）
Far from being disappointed when Clive cancelled their date, Linda felt quite relieved.
8. There is a recent study.
It shows that drinking tea is good for your health.
（用提示字合併）
A recent study shows that drinking tea is good for your health.
9. The doctor says I will start to feel better soon.
（用 it won’t be long before 改寫）
The doctor says it won’t be long before I (will) start to feel better.
10. He made the whole dinner himself, including the soup, the dessert, and everything in between.
（用提示字改寫）
He made the whole dinner himself, from the soup to the dessert.
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