Lesson Nine A Trip to Lanyu
| 課文第1段 p.187 |
| 1. also known as 又名為 |
【說明】= aka（縮寫）
【範例】Joe Louis, also known as the Brown Bomber, was world heavyweight boxing champion from 1937 to 1949.
又稱為「棕色轟炸機」的喬路易斯，是一九三七年到一九四九年的重量級拳擊世界冠軍。
【Your Turn】
( B ) 1. A search engine results page, also ________ a SERP, is the page you get when you input search items into sites like Google.
(A) known by (B) known as (C) known for (D) known to
( C ) 2. In Egypt I took pictures of the Pyramid of Snefru, ________ known as the Red Pyramid.
(A) ever (B) even (C) also (D) onto
( C ) 3. My cousin Frank, also ________ as “Horse,” is very strong physically.
(A) to know (B) knowing (C) known (D) knew
| 2. N + V-ing/p.p. 分詞片語修飾前面的名詞 |
【說明】(1) 分詞片語是由關係子句簡化而來。只有當關係代名詞在關係子句中作為主詞之用時才能作簡化。
(2) 分詞片語的形成是將關係子句的主詞刪去，然後把其動詞依主被動改為現在或過去分詞。
(3) 簡化後的分詞，連同其後的受詞或補語及修飾語，即合稱為分詞片語。
【範例】I saw an interesting movie showing the effects of climate change.
我看到一部很有趣的電影，內容是關於氣候異變的影響。
This shelter takes in children abandoned or abused by their parents.
這個收容所專收被父母親遺棄或虐待的兒童。
【Your Turn】
( D ) 1. Most parents dread a note or call from school ________ that their child’s behavior is “not normal.”（96指科）
(A) said (B) to say (C) which is said (D) saying
( B ) 2. The tools ________ for sculpting also affect when the task can be accomplished.（97學測）
(A) are used (B) used (C) using (D) which used
( A ) 3. This is a copy of a poem ________ for lovers.
(A) written (B) writing (C) writes (D) to write
| 課文第2段 p.187~188 |
| 3. no sooner … than … as soon as … 一……就…… the moment/minute … upon … |
【說明】(1) no sooner和than之後分別連接兩個子句，雖然這兩個子句中描述的事情幾乎同時發生。no sooner必須使用過去完成式的句子，而且在句首時，句子要倒裝；than之後的句子則用過去簡單式。
(2) no sooner … than、as soon as、the moment/minute及upon皆表示「一……就……」的意思，但是在用法上稍有差別。as soon as、the moment/minute後面接的子句時態須與主要子句一樣，upon後面則接動名詞。
【範例】No sooner had Jane got to the airport than she found she had left her ticket at home.
珍一抵達機場就發現她把機票留在家裡了。
Please call me as soon as you get home.
你一回到家就請立刻打電話給我。
The moment/minute I turned on the radio, I heard my favorite song.
我一打開收音機，就聽到我最喜歡的歌。
Upon finishing his meal, the man tried to run away without paying for it.
那個人一吃完飯，沒付錢就想落跑。
【Your Turn】
( D ) 1. ________ graduating from college, Martha plans to follow a career in journalism.
(A) The minute (B) As soon as (C) No sooner than (D) Upon
( A ) 2. ________ had we headed out for a walk ________ it started to rain.
(A) No sooner … than (B) As soon … as
(C) The minute … when (D) Upon … than
( C ) 3. ________ the couple realized that they didn’t love each other anymore, they broke up.（92學測）
(A) No sooner than (B) Wherever (C) As soon as (D) Upon
| 4. as/since 由於／既然 |
【說明】當原因已經為說話者或聽話者所知時，則會用as或since引導副詞子句來說出原因，而且該子句可以放在前面，也可以放在後面。
【範例】I’ll let you have the last cookie as you’ve been so helpful.
由於你幫了這麼多忙，我就把最後的餅乾留給你吃吧。
Since our classroom is not air-conditioned, we have to tolerate the heat during the hot summer days.（97學測）
由於我們的教室沒有空調設備，因此在炎熱的夏天裡，我們必須忍受酷熱。
【Your Turn】
( D ) 1. ________ computers are getting less expensive, they are widely used in schools and offices today. （94學測）
(A) Why (B) So (C) Yet (D) As
( B ) 2. The power workers（電力公司技術人員）had to work in the dark to repair the power lines ________ the whole city was in the dark. （92學測）
(A) so (B) since (C) yet (D) therefore
( C ) 3. I need to get my ears checked ________ I’m having trouble hearing properly.
(A) that (B) but (C) as (D) though
| 觸類旁通 because/for 【說明】當原因是說話者或聽話者所不知道的新情況時，則英文會用because/for 來說出原因。because所引起的子句可以放在前面，也可放在後面，但是 for所引起的子句則只能放在後面。 【補充】不過由於很難界定「原因」是否為聽話者與說話者所知道的情況，因此as、since跟because經常可以通用。 【範例】She won’t come to the party because she doesn’t like Ken. 她不會去參加派對是因為她不喜歡肯恩。 We need to leave soon, for it will take at least an hour to get there. 我們需要盡快離開，因為到那裡至少要花一個鐘頭。 【Your Turn】 ( A ) 4. I left my laptop at home ________ I’ve got too much baggage. (A) because (B) until (C) which (D) like ( D ) 5. I won’t have any dessert, ________ I’m still on a diet. (A) with (B) but (C) nor (D) for |
| 5. every so often 不時；時常 |
【說明】= now and again = (every) now and then = from time to time
【範例】Every so often my sister goes on a diet, but she never loses any weight.
= Now and again/then my sister goes on a diet, but she never loses any weight.
= Every now and then my sister goes on a diet, but she never loses any weight.
= From time to time my sister goes on a diet, but she never loses any weight.
我姊姊時常在節食，但她的體重從來沒減輕過。
【Your Turn】
1. 當我不在家時，請幫我看一下植物並常常幫它們澆水。
While I’m away, please check on my plants and water them every so often .
2. 我不時會買彩券，畢竟，說不定哪一次就中獎了呢。
I buy lottery tickets now and again—after all, you never know.
3. 我不時會將電腦中已不再會用到的檔案刪除。
From time to time I delete files from my computer that I no longer need.
| 6. give way to 讓路；讓步，屈服 |
【說明】give way to用於後方有受詞時，若沒有受詞時則用give way。
【範例】I stepped aside to give way to an old lady coming down the stairs.
我站到旁邊，讓路給一位正要下樓的老太太。
In many American towns, small stores have given way to large malls.
美國有許多城鎮的小商店都被大型購物中心打敗了。
【Your Turn】
1. 總裁並沒有屈服於要他下台的要求。
The chairman did not give way to demands for his resignation.
2. 最近台灣製造業的地位已經逐漸被資訊業取代。
Recently in Taiwan, the manufacturing industry has given way to
the information industry.（91學測）
3. 在英國的交通圓環上，通常得讓路給右邊來車。
At traffic circles in England, you usually give way to vehicles coming from the right.
| 課文第3段p.189 |
| 7. be composed of … 由……所組成 |
【說明】= be made up of = consist of
【範例】Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
= Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
= Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
水是由氫和氧所組成的。
【Your Turn】
( B ) 1. Living things ________ cells, which are the basic units of life.
(A) composed of (B) are composed of
(C) consists of (D) are consisted of
( A ) 2. This cocktail is composed ________ rum（蘭姆酒）, lemon juice, and coke.
(A) of (B) in (C) by (D) with
( C ) 3. It ________ nearly one hundred islands, of which many are famous for their pure white-sand beaches.（94指科）
(A) made of (B) made up (C) consists of (D) composes of
| 8. take place 發生；舉行 |
【說明】= happen = occur
【範例】I heard that the man was drinking before the accident took place.
我聽說在意外發生之前，那個人正在喝酒。
【Your Turn】
1. 這項網球公開賽在每年六月的最後一週舉行。
The tennis tournament takes place every year during the last week of June.
2. 根據科學測量，這種光線的釋放發生在距離地球五十到一百哩的上空。
According to scientific measurements, this discharge of light takes place from 50 to 100 miles above the earth.（96指科）
3. 三十年戰爭發生在十七世紀的中歐。
The Thirty Years War took place in central Europe during the 17th century.
| 課文第5段 p.189~190 |
| 9. find adj. keep + O + V-ing S + catch p.p. leave |
【說明】此句型用到的是「動詞 + 受詞 + 受詞補語」（V + O + OC）。補語的部分可以是形容詞、現在分詞（表主動）、過去分詞（表被動）。
【補充】這種句型也常用被動語態來表示：S + be + found/kept/caught/left + SC。
【範例】When Sandy went for the interview, the manager kept her waiting for half an hour.
珊蒂去求職面談時，經理讓她等了半個小時。
Without much contact with the outside world for many years, John found many technological inventions foreign to him.（94學測）
約翰多年不常跟外界接觸，因此發現許多科技新發明對他而言很陌生。
I found myself attracted to the colorful display in the store window.
我發現自己被那家商店櫥窗五顏六色的展示給吸引住了。
【Your Turn】
( C ) 1. The store owner caught the little boy ________ a bar of chocolate.
(A) stolen (B) to steal (C) stealing (D) been stolen
( D ) 2. Try to keep your writing more ________ if you can.
(A) organizing (B) organize (B) to organize (D) organized
( A ) 3. Hundreds of people perished（死亡）in the desert storm and many more ________.（91指科）
(A) were left homeless (B) leaving homeless
(C) were leaving homeless (D) left homeless
| 課文第7段 p.190~191 |
| 10. yet another 另外又多一個／次 |
【說明】yet用來加強another。
【範例】On Friday we have yet another vocabulary test.
星期五我們還有另外一次字彙測驗。
【Your Turn】
1. 餐廳經理又收到一則顧客不滿意的投訴。
The restaurant manager received yet another complaint from a dissatisfied customer.
2. 新聞報導說又有另外一家大型銀行面臨財務困難。
News reports say that yet another big bank is in financial trouble.
3. 當大衛開始又說起冷笑話時，我決定該離開了。
As David started telling yet another bad joke, I decided it was time to leave.
| 觸類旁通 yet more/yet again 更多／又再一次 【說明】yet用來加強more和again。 【範例】The Weather Bureau is forecasting yet more rain for the weekend. 氣象局預測週末會下更多雨。 The politician was caught telling lies yet again, and his reputation is now in ruins. 那名政客說謊又被抓包，他的名聲如今已跌到谷底。 【Your Turn】 ( B ) 4. With the house already full, ________ people arrived to gatecrash（擅闖）the party. (A) not yet (B) yet more (C) so more (D) so that ( C ) 5. Queenie is late ________; she’s going to lose her job if she’s not careful. (A) for once (B) once over (C) yet again (D) again yet |
| 11. take off 啟程；離開 |
【補充】也有「起飛」和「脫去」的意思。
【範例】As soon as his mom came looking for him, Jason took off and hid somewhere.
傑森的媽媽一過來找他，他就立刻跑掉躲起來。
Dan only got to the airport at ten-thirty, and his plane took off at eleven.
阿丹十點半才到機場，而他的飛機十一點起飛的。
Take off your jacket and I will hang it up for you.
把你的夾克脫掉，我幫你掛起來。
【Your Turn】
1.他昨天啟程前往加州。
He took off yesterday for California.
2. 請在外面脫掉你的鞋子，我會拿一雙拖鞋給你穿。
Please take off your shoes outside, and I’ll give you a pair of slippers to wear.
3. 那班飛往巴黎的班機晚上十點半起飛。
The flight to Paris takes off at 10:30 p.m.
關 鍵 測 驗
I. 選擇題
( C ) 1. Our school’s sports festival will ________ at the end of May.
(A) take off (B) give way (C) take place (D) consist of
( B ) 2. ________ the dog sees a stranger approaching, it starts to bark.
(A) No sooner than (B) The moment (C) As soon (D) Upon
( A ) 3. ________ my sister and her boyfriend have dinner with my parents.
(A) Every so often (B) Yet another (C) Yet more (D) Now and forever
( C ) 4. I found the movie ________ at first, but, as it progressed, I began to enjoy it.
(A) bored (B) to bore (C) boring (D) been bored
( B ) 5. The time between midnight and three a.m., also known ________ “the witching hour,” is traditionally the time when ghosts are most powerful.
(A) to (B) as (C) for (D) in
( D ) 6. Diamonds ________ on the black market are much cheaper.
(A) sell (B) to sell (C) sells (D) sold
( B ) 7. I have to share with three others ________ I can’t afford to rent a place by myself.
(A) but (B) as (C) even (D) yet
( A ) 8. Paul had ________ bottle of beer, and the room began to spin in front of his eyes.
(A) yet another (B) yet again (C) yet more (D) yet not
( D ) 9. I’ll have to ________ immediately after lunch because I have a meeting later.
(A) put on (B) take on (C) put off (D) take off
( C ) 10. The plant is ________ of hundreds of tiny flowers.
(A) convinced (B) confined (C) composed (D) compared
II. 填充題
1. 我的網站主要包括我和朋友的照片。
My website mainly consists of photos of my friends and me.
2. 這場會議將於明天早上十點舉行。
The meeting will take place at ten o’clock tomorrow morning.
3. 我們七點就出發前往阿姆斯特丹了。
We took off at seven o’clock for Amsterdam.
4. 她一聽到母親發生意外，就立刻衝到醫院去。
She rushed to the hospital the moment/minute she heard about her mother’s accident.
5. 當醫生告訴安琪拉她沒有罹癌時，她由焦慮轉為放心。
Angela’s anxiety gave way to relief when the doctor told her she did not have cancer.
6. 我的電腦運作不太正常，它常會沒來由地關機。
My computer isn’t functioning properly; from time to time/every now and then , it shuts down for no reason.
7. 別傷害那隻鳥，我們得活（alive）捉牠。（V + O + OC）
Don’t hurt the bird. We have to catch it alive .
8. 在這個小鎮裡，我們可以看到許多家庭正在設法努力（struggle）保持收支平衡。
We can see many families struggling to make ends meet in this small town.
9. 又名Jolin的蔡依林，是台灣最受歡迎的歌手之一。
Tsai I-lin, also known as Jolin, is one of Taiwan’s most popular singers.
10. 他搭計程車上班，因為他的車子還在送修當中。
He took a taxi to work since/as/because his car is being repaired.
III. 翻譯、句子合併與改寫
1. 那個男孩讓風箏保持在空中飛翔著。（keep + O + OC）
The boy kept the kite flying in the sky.
2. 這支棒球隊是由全國（across the country）最頂尖的選手所組成的。
This baseball team is made up of/is composed of/consists of the best players from across the country.
3. 三架飛機同時起飛了。
Three airplanes took off at the same time.
4. 晚宴何時會舉行？
When will the dinner party take place?
5. 我們喜歡不時去海邊烤肉（have a barbecue）。
We like to go to the beach every so often/(every) now and then/from time to time to have a barbecue.
6. Some people may refuse to turn in their weapons.
These people will be arrested by the police.
（用分詞片語合併）
People refusing to turn in their weapons will be arrested by the police.
7. Her name is Mei-lin Chao.
People also call her Sandy Chao.
（用also named as合併）
Her name is Mei-lin Chao, also named as Sandy Chao.
8. Don’t bother the girl; she needs to be alone.
（用Leave + O …. 改寫）
Leave the girl alone.
9. Our party was composed of teachers, workmen, and students.
（用be made up of改寫）
Our party was made up of teachers, workmen, and students.
10. No sooner had Michael got into the bathtub than the telephone rang.
（用As soon as …. 改寫）
As soon as Michael got into the bathtub, the telephone rang.
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